In this paper we discuss cyber crime and policing on the basis of theory and empirical data with respect to e-fraud and child pornography. The police are confronted with two types of problems. First, there are problems related to changes in workload. Because cyber crime has become a wide-spread phenomenon, all police officers must be able to deal with it. However, this is far from the case, since the police struggle with a considerable lack of knowledge in this area. Furthermore, cyber crime includes ‘international petty crime’, which is something the police do not know how to deal with. Moreover, in cybercrime we find more young perpetrators than is the case for offline crime and this places new demands on the youth police. Secondly, there are problems of a more technical technological and/or legal) character. The first type of problems are the most challenging for the police, because they demand that the police develop counter strategies and implement changes in the organization.