The article deals with the prosecution of international crimes in the Syrian Civil War by nation
states and especially Germany, which has conducted numerous criminal proceedings in recent
years. The paper will show which practical problems and which legal issues these proceedings have
raised, as far as this might be of interest for international legal practice and jurisprudence. This
concerns the handling of difficulties of evidence in so-called foreign fighter / Islamic State of Iraq
and the Levant (ISIL) returnee cases, the debate about the immunity of defendants belonging to
the Syrian state apparatus and the communication between the German courts and the Syrian
public. The appendix contains a (non-exhaustive) list of 83 criminal proceedings conducted in
Germany in relation to the Syrian civil war.