The transfer to the Flemish community: a window of opportunity for the probation services and the electronic monitoring in Flanders The December 2011 Institutional agreement on the sixth State reform, provides for a transfer of the federal probation service – called ‘Houses of Justice’ – to the 3 communities in Belgium. The authors describe this ongoing process of transformation and try to detect some opportunities and challenges. Is this part of the State reform only of an organizational nature or can it be a milestone in the development of probation work, including electronic monitoring in the Flemish community? They plead in this article for sufficient ambition in uniting managerial and rehabilitation goals in this new institutional context.